Understanding Myomectomy, Hysterectomy, and Hysteroscopy: Treatment Options for Uterine Fibroids

Uterine health is a crucial aspect of a woman’s overall well-being. Conditions impacting the uterus, such as uterine fibroids, can significantly impact a woman's quality of life. Uterine fibroids are non-cancerous developments in the uterus that usually appear during childbearing years. 

Read on to learn about three primary surgical treatments for uterine fibroids, the differences between these procedures, their benefits, risks, and considerations for women facing uterine fibroid-related issues.

Understanding Uterine Fibroids

Uterine fibroids are benign tumours that grow from the muscle tissue of the uterus. They vary in size and can be as tiny as a seed or as big as a grapefruit. Common symptoms are heavy menstrual bleeding, prolonged periods, pelvic pain, frequent urination, and complications during pregnancy. A report revealed that about 37% of Indian women aged between 20 and 40 and 57% of those in the 40-59 age group have fibroids. This highlights the significance of early diagnosis and treatment for managing symptoms and preventing complications.

Uterine Surgery Options

When it comes to treating uterine fibroids, surgical options may be taken into account when other treatments are ineffective. The three primary procedures are myomectomy, hysterectomy, and hysteroscopy.

Myomectomy: Preserving the Uterus

A myomectomy is a surgical procedure to remove fibroids while preserving the uterus. There are different types of myomectomy:

• Abdominal Myomectomy: Involves an open surgery with an incision in the abdomen.
• Laparoscopic Myomectomy: A minimally invasive procedure using small incisions and a camera.
• Hysteroscopic Myomectomy: Performed through the vagina and cervix using a hysteroscope.

Myomectomy is ideal for women who wish to retain their fertility and those with fibroids causing significant symptoms. The benefits include relief from symptoms and the preservation of the uterus, making it a favourable option for women planning future pregnancies.

Hysterectomy: Removing the Uterus

A hysterectomy is a surgical procedure to remove the uterus. There are several types of hysterectomy:

• Total Hysterectomy: Removing the entire uterus and cervix..
• Partial Hysterectomy: Extraction of the upper part of the uterus, leaving the cervix in place.
• Radical Hysterectomy: Removing the uterus, cervix, part of the vagina, and surrounding tissues, usually for cancer treatment.

Indications for hysterectomy include severe fibroid symptoms unresponsive to other treatments, cancer, or significant reproductive issues. While hysterectomy eliminates fibroids and their symptoms, it also ends the ability to conceive, making it a critical decision for women of childbearing age.

Hysteroscopy: A Minimally Invasive Approach

Hysteroscopy is a process that involves the insertion of a hysteroscope (a thin, lighted tube) through the vagina and cervix into the uterus. There are two types of hysteroscopy:

• Diagnostic Hysteroscopy: Used to diagnose uterine problems.
• Operative Hysteroscopy: Allows for the removal of fibroids, polyps, and other uterine abnormalities.

Hysteroscopy is minimally invasive and is often used for diagnosing and treating small fibroids. The benefits are a shorter recovery time, reduced risk of infection, and preservation of the uterus.

Post-Surgery Uterine Care

Post-surgery care is crucial for recovery and long-term health. General guidelines include:

• Rest and avoid strenuous activities.
• Follow your doctor’s advice for wound care and medication.
• Attend all follow-up appointments.

Specific care tips vary by procedure:

• Myomectomy: Watch for signs of infection, avoid heavy lifting, and gradually resume normal activities.
• Hysterectomy: Expect a longer recovery time, avoid lifting heavy objects, and follow hormone replacement therapy if recommended.
• Hysteroscopy: Generally, recovery is quicker, but avoid intercourse and tampons for a specified period.

Watch for complications such as fever, severe pain, or unusual discharge and contact your healthcare provider if they occur. Lifestyle changes, like blending a healthy diet and managing stress, support uterine health post-surgery.

Final Words

Understanding and treating uterine fibroids is essential for maintaining uterine health. Surgical options like myomectomy, hysterectomy, and hysteroscopy offer effective treatments depending on individual needs and conditions. Minimally invasive surgeries and proper post-surgery care can significantly enhance recovery and quality of life.

Contact Krishna Medical Centre for Comprehensive Uterine Health Care

Are you experiencing symptoms of uterine fibroids? Seek expert medical advice from Dr Chandravati at Krishna Medical Centre. She is renowned for her expertise in treating uterine conditions. Schedule a consultation to receive personalised advice and explore the best treatment options for your uterine health.