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Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) and ovarian cysts are prevalent conditions that can significantly impact women's health. Understanding these conditions is crucial for women to manage their health and well-being. This blog is here to provide a detailed analysis of surgical solutions for managing PCOS and ovarian cysts, highlighting the types of surgeries, their benefits, and considerations for women facing these health issues.
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is a hormonal disorder common among women of reproductive age. Irregular menstrual periods, excess androgen levels, and polycystic ovaries characterise it. On the other hand, ovarian cysts are fluid-filled sacs that develop on the ovaries. They can vary in size and are often harmless but can cause pain and other complications if they rupture or grow large.
Common Symptoms and Effects on Women's Health
PCOS symptoms include irregular periods, excessive hair growth, acne, and obesity. Women with PCOS may also experience fertility issues and an improved risk of developing diabetes and heart disease. Ovarian cysts can cause pelvic pain, bloating, and discomfort during intercourse. In some cases, cysts can lead to severe pain and complications requiring immediate medical attention.
Prevalence and Impact
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) and ovarian cysts are two prevalent conditions affecting women's reproductive health. According to the WHO, an estimated 8–13% of reproductive age are diagnosed with PCOS, while ovarian cysts are seen in about 25% of women of reproductive age group in India. Both conditions can have significant impacts on physical health, such as infertility, metabolic issues, and increased risk of certain cancers. The emotional toll can include stress, anxiety, and decreased quality of life.
When non-surgical treatments are ineffective, surgical options may be considered for managing PCOS and ovarian cysts. Surgery can provide relief from symptoms, improve fertility, and prevent further complications. Here, we'll explain three common surgical approaches:
Laparoscopic Ovarian Drilling (LOD) is a minimally invasive surgical procedure used to treat PCOS. It involves making small incisions in the abdomen and using a laser or electrocautery to destroy parts of the ovary. This helps to reduce androgen production and stimulate ovulation.
Procedure:
Expected Outcomes and Benefits
LOD can help restore regular ovulation and menstrual cycles, reduce androgen levels, and improve fertility. It is suitable for women who have not responded to other treatments like medication.
Considerations
LOD is recommended for women who have been unable to conceive with other treatments. There is a minute risk of infection, bleeding, and damage to the ovaries. Recovery time is relatively short, with most women resuming normal activities within a few days.
Laparoscopic cystectomy is a minimally invasive surgery performed to remove ovarian cysts. This procedure is used when cysts are symptomatic, large, or suspected to be non-functional.
Procedure:
Expected Outcomes and Benefits:
Laparoscopic cystectomy can relieve pain and other symptoms, prevent complications, and preserve ovarian function. It offers a quicker recovery and less postoperative pain compared to open surgery.
Considerations:
Ideal candidates are women with cysts causing significant symptoms or those that are suspicious. There is a slight risk of infection, bleeding, and recurrence of cysts. Most women recover fully within a week.
Abdominal cystectomy, also known as open cystectomy, is a surgical procedure to extract larger or more complex ovarian cysts. It involves making a more extensive incision in the abdomen compared to laparoscopic surgery.
Procedure:
Expected Outcomes and Benefits
Abdominal cystectomy removes larger cysts that cannot be managed laparoscopically. It provides relief from symptoms and helps prevent further complications.
Considerations
This procedure is recommended for larger, more complex cysts. Risks include longer recovery time, infection, and scarring; full recovery may take several weeks.
Discussing surgical options with a gynaecologist is crucial. Cyst size, location, patient health, and the surgeon's expertise should be considered when choosing a surgical approach.
Post-surgery care is important for a smooth recovery and long-term health. General guidelines include rest, avoiding strenuous activities, and following the doctor's instructions.
General Care Tips:
Specific Care Tips:
A healthy lifestyle comprising a balanced diet and regular exercise supports recovery and maintains reproductive health. Regular follow-ups with a healthcare provider are crucial to monitor health and prevent complications.
Understanding and managing PCOS and ovarian cysts is vital for women's health. Surgical solutions such as laparoscopic ovarian drilling, laparoscopic cystectomy, and abdominal cystectomy offer effective treatments for better health. Proper post-surgery care and lifestyle changes enhance recovery and long-term well-being. Seeking professional medical advice ensures personalised treatment plans for optimal outcomes.
Are you experiencing symptoms of PCOS or ovarian cysts,? Contact Dr Chandravati at Krishna Medical Centre. Her expertise in treating these conditions ensures you receive the best personalised advice and surgical solutions. Schedule a consultation today to analyse your options and advance towards better health.
